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French Text:
L'air est enfumé et la ville est animée.

English Translation:
The air is smoky and the city is busy.

Grammar Notes:
- L': This is the contraction of "le" (the masculine singular definite article) before a vowel or silent "h." Here, it is used before "air."

- air: A masculine noun meaning "air." In French, nouns have gender, and "air" is masculine, so it takes the article "le," which is contracted to "l'" before the vowel.

- est: This is the third person singular form of the verb "être," which means "to be." The infinitive is "être," and "est" is used here to describe a state or condition.

- enfumé: This is an adjective meaning "smoky" or "filled with smoke." It describes the noun "air" and agrees in gender (masculine singular) with it. The base form of the adjective is "enfumé" for masculine singular, and it changes depending on gender and number (e.g., "enfumée" for feminine singular).

- et: A conjunction meaning "and." It links two parts of the sentence together.

- la: The feminine singular definite article meaning "the." It is used here with the feminine noun "ville."

- ville: A feminine noun meaning "city" or "town." Since it is feminine, it takes the article "la."

- est: Again, this is the third person singular form of "être" (to be). It is used here to describe the state of the city.

- animée: This is an adjective meaning "lively" or "animated." It agrees in gender (feminine) and number (singular) with the noun "ville." The masculine form would be "animé," but since "ville" is feminine, the adjective becomes "animée."

### Grammar Tip:
In French, adjectives must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. For example, "enfumé" (smoky) is masculine because it describes "air" (masculine), and "animée" (lively) is feminine because it describes "ville" (feminine). Adjectives typically take an "-e" ending in the feminine form and an "-s" in the plural form, though there are exceptions.

### Related Words:
- fumer (verb): to smoke
Example: Il fume une cigarette. — He smokes a cigarette.

- brumeux (adjective): foggy
Example: Le matin est brumeux. — The morning is foggy.

- vivant (adjective): alive, lively
Example: La rue est vivante. — The street is lively.

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