| Grammar Notes: 1. Incluso: - Meaning: Even - Grammar: Adverb - Explanation: This word is used to emphasize that the statement is true in all cases, including the one that might be considered an exception. 2. los: - Meaning: the - Grammar: Definite article, masculine plural - Explanation: This article specifies that the noun it precedes is known to the speaker and listener. In this case, it is used before a plural masculine noun. 3. payasos: - Meaning: clowns - Grammar: Noun, masculine plural - Explanation: The subject of the sentence, referring to a group of clowns. 4. derraman: - Meaning: shed, spill - Grammar: Verb, third person plural present tense - Explanation: This is the action performed by the subject (the clowns). It comes from the verb "derramar," which means to spill or shed. 5. lágrimas: - Meaning: tears - Grammar: Noun, feminine plural - Explanation: The direct object of the verb "derraman," referring to the tears that are being shed. 6. cuando: - Meaning: when - Grammar: Conjunction - Explanation: This word introduces a subordinate clause indicating the time when the action happens. 7. nadie: - Meaning: nobody - Grammar: Pronoun - Explanation: The subject of the subordinate clause, indicating that no person is present. 8. les: - Meaning: them - Grammar: Pronoun, indirect object, masculine or feminine plural - Explanation: Refers to the clowns in the context of the verb "ve." 9. ve: - Meaning: sees - Grammar: Verb, third person singular present tense - Explanation: From the verb "ver," meaning to see. It indicates the action of seeing performed by "nadie" (nobody). ### General Grammar Tip In Spanish, the indirect object pronoun (like "les") is often used to refer to people and sometimes things that are affected by the action of the verb indirectly. It usually precedes the verb or can be attached to an infinitive or gerund. ### Etymology of "lágrimas" The word "lágrimas" comes from the Latin "lacrima," which also means "tear." This Latin root has influenced several Romance languages. For example: - Italian: "lacrima" - French: "larme" - Portuguese: "lágrima" These words all share the same Latin origin, reflecting the common ancestry of these languages. |
