| Grammar Notes: Лицо красивой женщины. У нее рыжие волосы, карие глаза и веснушки. 1. Лицо (Litsó) – "Лицо" means "face." It’s a noun in the nominative singular form, and it’s the subject of the sentence. - Infinitive form: None (it’s a noun). 2. красивой (krasívoy) – "красивой" is the instrumental singular form of the adjective "красивый" (beautiful) used here to modify "женщины" (woman). It describes the "face" in relation to the woman, meaning "of the beautiful woman." - Infinitive form: None (it’s an adjective). 3. женщины (zhé-nshchi-ny) – "женщины" is the genitive singular form of "женщина" (woman), meaning "of the woman." It shows possession, indicating that the face belongs to the beautiful woman. - Infinitive form: None (it’s a noun). 4. У (U) – "У" is a preposition meaning "at," "by," or "of" and is used with the genitive case to express possession or association. In this sentence, it introduces the phrase "У нее" (She has). - Infinitive form: None (it’s a preposition). 5. нее (nee-ye) – "нее" is the genitive singular form of the pronoun "она" (she), meaning "of her." It’s the object of the preposition "у," indicating possession. - Infinitive form: None (it’s a pronoun). 6. рыжие (ryzhíye) – "рыжие" means "red" or "ginger," used here as an adjective in the nominative plural form to describe "волосы" (hair). It agrees with the plural noun. - Infinitive form: None (it’s an adjective). 7. волосы (vó-lo-sy) – "волосы" means "hair" in the plural form. It’s the subject of the phrase "рыжие волосы" (red hair). - Infinitive form: None (it’s a noun). 8. карие (kár-ye) – "карие" means "brown" and is used as an adjective in the nominative plural form to describe "глаза" (eyes). It agrees with the plural noun. - Infinitive form: None (it’s an adjective). 9. глаза (glá-za) – "глаза" means "eyes" in the nominative plural form. It’s the subject of the phrase "карие глаза" (brown eyes). - Infinitive form: None (it’s a noun). 10. и (i) – "и" means "and" and is a conjunction used to connect words or phrases, such as "волосы" (hair), "глаза" (eyes), and "веснушки" (freckles). - Infinitive form: None (it’s a conjunction). 11. веснушки (ves-núsh-ki) – "веснушки" means "freckles" and is in the nominative plural form. - Infinitive form: None (it’s a noun). General Grammar Tip: In Russian, adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify. For example, "красивой" is in the instrumental singular to agree with "женщины" (woman), while "рыжие" and "карие" are in the nominative plural to agree with "волосы" (hair) and "глаза" (eyes). The genitive case is used for possession, as seen in "У нее" (She has). Related Words: - красивый (krasívyy): Related to "красивой" (beautiful), it’s the base form of the adjective, meaning "beautiful." - женщина (zhén-shchi-na): Related to "женщины" (woman), the base form of the noun. - волосы (vó-lo-sy): Similar to "волос" (hair, singular), the base form can also refer to hair in the singular. |
