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Spanish Text:
"Todo el mundo es una luna, y tiene un lado oscuro que nunca muestra a nadie". - Mark Twain

English Translation:
"Everyone is a moon, and has a dark side which he never shows to anybody." – Mark Twain

Grammar Notes:
1. Todo el mundo - "Everyone" or "Everybody." "Todo" (every) and "el mundo" (the world) together mean "everyone in the world."
2. es - "is." This is the third person singular form of the verb "ser" (to be), used here to equate "todo el mundo" with "una luna."
3. una luna - "a moon." "Una" is the feminine singular article "a," and "luna" means "moon."
4. y - "and." A conjunction used to connect clauses.
5. tiene - "has." This is the third person singular form of the verb "tener" (to have).
6. un lado oscuro - "a dark side." "Un" (a) is the masculine singular article, "lado" means "side," and "oscuro" means "dark."
7. que - "that." A relative pronoun used to introduce the relative clause.
8. nunca - "never." An adverb indicating the absence of an event.
9. muestra - "shows." This is the third person singular form of the verb "mostrar" (to show).
10. a nadie - "to anyone." "A" is a preposition often used with verbs of motion or action directed towards a person, and "nadie" means "no one."

General Grammar Tip:
In Spanish, adjectives usually come after the nouns they describe, as seen in "lado oscuro" where "oscuro" (dark) modifies "lado" (side). This order can differ from English, where adjectives generally precede the noun.

Etymology of "oscuro":
The word "oscuro" comes from the Latin "obscurus," which means "dark" or "shadowy." This root is also found in the English word "obscure," which can mean not only dark but also difficult to understand or not well known. This reflects the idea of something being hidden from view or understanding, just as in the metaphor of the moon's dark side.

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