| Grammar Notes: Sentence 1: En ung kvinna med långt hår. * En: An indefinite article. It means "a" or "an". It is used here because the woman is being introduced for the first time and is non-specific. * ung: An adjective meaning "young". It describes the noun 'kvinna'. The infinitive form is not applicable for basic adjectives. * kvinna: A noun meaning "woman". Its indefinite form is 'kvinna', its definite form is 'kvinnan', and its plural is 'kvinnor'. * med: A preposition meaning "with". * långt: An adjective meaning "long". It is in the neuter form because it describes the neuter noun 'hår'. The common gender form is 'lång'. * hår: A neuter noun meaning "hair". Its indefinite form is 'hår', its definite form is 'håret', and its plural is 'hår'. Grammar Point 1: In Swedish, adjectives agree with the noun they describe. 'Långt' is used with neuter nouns (like 'ett hår'), while 'lång' is used with common gender nouns (like 'en frisyr'). Sentence 2: Hon ser förvånad ut. * Hon: A personal pronoun meaning "she". * ser: A verb meaning "looks" or "appears". Its infinitive form is 'att se' (to see/to look). * förvånad: An adjective meaning "surprised" or "astonished". It describes the subject 'hon'. * ut: A particle that combines with the verb 'ser' to form the phrasal verb 'ser ut'. 'Att se ut' means "to look" or "to appear" (in terms of appearance). Grammar Point 2: The structure is Subject + verb (ser) + adjective + ut. The adjective ('förvånad') must agree with the subject. For example: "Han ser trött ut" (He looks tired). Related Vocabulary: * Att verka: Another verb meaning "to seem" or "to appear" (often about an impression rather than just visual). E.g., "Hon verkar förvånad" (She seems surprised). * Håret: The definite form of 'hår', meaning "the hair". * Förvånansvärt: An adverb meaning "surprisingly". E.g., "Hon är förvånansvärt lugn" (She is surprisingly calm). |
