| Grammar Notes: Lesson: Grammar and Word Breakdown of the Malay Sentence Sentence: *Gambar dengan kucing. Gambarnya hitam putih selain mata merah kucing.* ### 1. Gambar - Meaning: "Picture" or "photo" - Grammar: Noun (subject of the sentence) - Infinitive: *gambar* (same as base form) ### 2. dengan - Meaning: "with" - Grammar: Preposition (indicates association) - Infinitive: *dengan* (same as base form) ### 3. kucing - Meaning: "cat" - Grammar: Noun (object of the preposition *dengan*) - Infinitive: *kucing* (same as base form) Translation of first sentence: *"Picture with cat."* ### 4. Gambarnya - Meaning: "The picture" (definite form) - Grammar: Noun + possessive suffix *-nya* ("its/his/her/their") - Infinitive: *gambar* ### 5. hitam putih - Meaning: "black and white" - Grammar: Adjective phrase (describes *gambar*) - Infinitive: *hitam* (black), *putih* (white) ### 6. selain - Meaning: "except" or "other than" - Grammar: Conjunction (introduces an exception) - Infinitive: *selain* (same as base form) ### 7. mata - Meaning: "eye(s)" - Grammar: Noun (subject of the exception clause) - Infinitive: *mata* (same as base form) ### 8. merah - Meaning: "red" - Grammar: Adjective (describes *mata*) - Infinitive: *merah* (same as base form) ### 9. kucing - Meaning: "cat" (repeated for clarity) - Grammar: Noun (possessor of *mata merah*) - Infinitive: *kucing* Translation of second sentence: *"The picture is black and white except for the cat’s red eyes."* ### Grammar Tip: - Definite Nouns with *-nya*: In Malay, *-nya* is often used to make a noun definite (like "the" in English). Example: *gambar* (a picture) → *gambarnya* (the picture). ### Related Words: - Putih bersih – "pure white" - Seluruhnya – "entirely" (another use of *-nya*) - Bulu kucing – "cat’s fur" (related noun phrase) |
