Grammar Notes: ### Sentence: ภาพนี้แสดงหน้าผาสูงชันและบ้านริมทะเลในมาเดรา Phap ni sang na pha sung chan lae ban rim thale nai Madara ### Breakdown of the Sentence: 1. ภาพนี้ (phap ni) - this image - Function: Noun + Demonstrative - Explanation: - "ภาพ" (phap) means "image" or "picture." - "นี้" (ni) is a demonstrative that means "this." When combined, "ภาพนี้" means "this image." - Infinitive: Not applicable, as both words are nouns and demonstratives. 2. แสดง (sang) - shows - Function: Verb - Explanation: "แสดง" (sang) is a verb meaning "to show" or "to display." In this sentence, it is in its base form, showing the action of the subject. - Infinitive: แสดง (sang) 3. หน้าผา (na pha) - cliff - Function: Noun - Explanation: "หน้าผา" (na pha) refers to a "cliff." It is a compound noun where "หน้า" (na) means "face" or "front" and "ผา" (pha) means "cliff" or "rock face." - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is a noun. 4. สูงชัน (sung chan) - steep - Function: Adjective - Explanation: "สูงชัน" (sung chan) is an adjective describing something that is "steep." - "สูง" (sung) means "high" or "tall." - "ชัน" (chan) means "steep." - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is an adjective. 5. และ (lae) - and - Function: Conjunction - Explanation: "และ" (lae) is a conjunction that means "and," used to connect phrases or words. - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is a conjunction. 6. บ้าน (ban) - house - Function: Noun - Explanation: "บ้าน" (ban) means "house" or "home." - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is a noun. 7. ริมทะเล (rim thale) - seaside - Function: Noun phrase - Explanation: "ริมทะเล" (rim thale) means "seaside" or "by the sea." - "ริม" (rim) means "edge" or "side." - "ทะเล" (thale) means "sea." - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is a noun phrase. 8. ใน (nai) - in - Function: Preposition - Explanation: "ใน" (nai) means "in" or "inside," indicating location or place. - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is a preposition. 9. มาเดรา (Madara) - Madeira - Function: Proper noun - Explanation: "มาเดรา" (Madara) is the Thai transliteration of "Madeira," the name of the island. - Infinitive: Not applicable, as it is a proper noun. ### General Grammar Tip: In Thai, word order generally follows the subject-verb-object structure similar to English. However, adjectives usually follow the noun they describe. Also, the subject is often omitted if it is understood from the context. In this sentence, the word "นี้" (ni) specifies "this" directly after the noun "ภาพ" (phap), similar to how "this" comes before "image" in English. ### Related Words: - แสดง (sang): Other verbs related to showing or expressing include "บอก" (bok) meaning "to tell" and "อธิบาย" (athibai) meaning "to explain." - สูง (sung): Related adjectives include "ต่ำ" (tam) meaning "low" and "เตี้ย" (tia) meaning "short." |
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