Grammar Lesson 5:

Verb Tenses

How to make a present tense: you add "-아요 or -어요" to the basic form of the verbs
*ㅗ, ㅏ vowels go with -아요. ㅓ, ㅜ, ㅡ, ㅣ vowels go with -어요

보다 (see) 1. take out "다" 
                  2. 보 ends with "ㅗ" so it goes with -아요
                  3. 보아요. In short, 봐요

가다 (go) 1. take out "다"
                2. 가 ends with "ㅏ" so it goes with -아요
                3. 가아요. In short, 가요

울다 (cry) 1. take out "다"
                  2. 울 ends with "ㅜ" vowel, so it goes with -어요
                  3. 울어요

읽다 (read) 1. take out "다"
                    2. 읽 ends with "l" vowel, so it goes with -어요
                    3. 읽어요

How to make a past tense: you add "ㅆ어요" to the conjugated form of the verbs

봐요 (see) will become 봤어요 (saw) 
가요 (go) will become 갔어요 (went) 
울어요 (cry) will become 울었어요 (cried)
읽어요 (read) will become 읽었어요 (read) 

How to make a future tense: you add "ㄹ거예요 or 을 거예요 (when there's a bottom consonant on the verb)" to the basic form of the verbs

보다 (do) will become 볼거예요 (will do) 
가다 (go) will become 갈 거예요 (will go)
울다 (cry) will become 울을 거예요 (will cry) *울 has a bottom consonant 
읽다 (read) will become 읽을 거예요 (will read) *읽 has bottom consonants

* 하다 is an irregular verb which changes to 해요. There are a few irregular verbs which change a little differently than the rules. 

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